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美国合同的内容和形式

美国政府投资工程的合同形式以固定价格合同为主,但同时也有多种其他类型的合同。合同内除常规内容外还有一些规定政府部门特权的特殊条款,如美国规定政府部门有权力在认为“符合政府利益”的任何时候中止合同。这时候,承包商仅有权力追索执行合同中已经发生的费用及已经完成工作量的利润,但没有权力收回任何将来期望得到的利润或者造成的损失。

撰写合同所参见法律法规:

《联邦采购法规》(Federal Acquisition Regulation ,"FAR"FAR是专门的政府采购法规,比较详细地规定了最重要的采购制度和政策,使得政府机构能够按照该法规具体实施政府采购。FAR由联邦政府采购政策办公室负责指导实施,联邦政府机构根据FAR制定自己的采购条例,针对其特定的要求和合同作出规定。

当前,所有的美国联邦政府工程项目均要求使用标准合同文本FAR 23A。

1949年的《联邦政府行政服务和财产法》(Federal Administrative Services and property Act该法案规定了许多监管联邦政府合同的程序性要求,诸如制定政府采购计划、鼓励中小企业参与政府采购等。

1984年《合同竞争法》(Competition in Contracting Act,该法案规定政府采购合同的签发必须采用全面、开放的竞争方式,符合条件的供应商都有权利参与政府采购合同的竞争。

《购买美国产品法》(Buy American Act,该法案已经实施了70多年,是美国政府采购重要的法律,它根据行政命令实施。要求政府机构购买本国的货物和服务,被认定为美国产品的必须具备两个条件:一是拟采购的项目即"最终产品"必须是在美国制造;二是最终产品采用的"实质上全部的"组件也必须是在美国制造的。例外的情形是,本国所供应的货物和服务的价格不合理,或者政府机构确认它们不符合政府的最佳利益,可以采购外国的产品。在美国成为GPA成员方后,通过《贸易协定法》,废止了《购买美国产品法》中指定从特定国家购买产品和物资条款的适用性,并且禁止不公平对待外国企业。

《信息自由法》(Freedom information Act,该法案要求政府机构应当将所有有关的政府采购信息充分、及时在有关媒体公布,或向任何有兴趣的人提供所有的采购信息和合同信息。但涉及有关承包商的商业秘密除外。

1962年的《诚实谈判法》(Truth in Negotiations Act,该法案要求投标人有义务向政府机构提供准确的、现行和完整的成本或价格数据来支持其竞标方案,这样才能使政府机构作出公平的决策。如果投标人提供虚假的或误导性的数据,将受到罚款和刑事处罚。

《小企业法》(Small Business Act美国政府采购非常重要的内容是实现社会政策目标,该法案要求行政机构将一定比例的合同给予小型企业和社会弱势群体(如妇女和少数民族)拥有的企业,以保证上述企业有机会获得政府采购合同。除本法案外,促进政府采购社会政策目标的法律还有《戴维斯-培根法令》

为促进公共政策目标的实现,许多劳动法内容都融入了政府采购合同中。例如,就业机会平等和实施公平劳动(如加班补贴和安全的工作环境等),如果承包方未能遵守这些法律,将会失去政府采购合同并受到处罚。此外,还颁布一系列法令规制政府官员和承包商之间的贪污和欺诈行为,如:《贪污受贿、渎职及利益冲突法令》《反回扣法令》《虚假赔偿法令》等。规范政府采购合同履行过程和政府采购赔偿方面的法令有:《及时支付法令》《司法平等法令》等。

Work to be completed under these specifications includes: 1) saw cut and remove existing damaged concrete 2) repair and/or replace existing reinforcement (as needed) 3) place new concrete in the areas to be repaired using replacement concrete 4) furnish and install inspection frames in the asphalt seal recesses 5) rehabilitate spillway bridge expansion joints and 6) traffic control. The price range for the work is 100,000 - 250,000. The solicitation package will be available on or around June 25, 2007. Bid opening is tentatively scheduled for July 25, 2007 at the Bureau of Reclamation‘s Great Plains Regional Office, 316 North 26th Street, Billings, Montana. Faxed bids WILL NOT be accepted. There is no charge for the first copy of the solicitation, additional sets will be provided upon receipt of a nonrefundable check or money order of 9.00 per set. All reaonable sources may submit a bid which shall be considered by the Bureau of Reclamation. The North American Industrial Classification Code is 238110. The Standard Industrial Classification Code is 1771. The Small Business Size Standard is 13.0 Million. This acquisition is open for full and open competition. The specifications and drawings will not be posted to the internet however a complete solicitation package is available in hard copy. To request a hard copy of the solicitation, contractors must fax a request to (406) 247-7798, Attn: Hart Blackeagle. The request must include contractor‘s name, address, phone/fax numbers, Federal tax identification number and their Dun and Bradstreet number. Note 1: Effective October 1, 2003, any contractor interested in doing business with the Federal Government must be registered in Central Contractor Registration. Contractors may register at http://www.ccr.gov. Note 2: Effective January 1, 2005, any contractor submitting a quotation, offer or proposal to the Government must complete their Representations and Certifications online. All representations and certifications which used to appear in Section K are now located online. To complete your online Representations and Certifications (ORCA), contractors must go to http://orca.bpn.gov...

 

This is a re-solicitation of a combined synopsis/solicitation previously posted on 07 June 2007, with a response date of 18 June 2007. The item description given in the previous solicitation did not clearly define the U.S. Governments requirement. This combined synopsis/solicitation for commercial items is prepared in accordance with the format in the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) Subpart 12.6, as supplemented with additional information included in this notice. This announcement constitutes the only solicitation a quote is being requested and a written solicitation will not be issued. The following is a Request for Quote (RFQ), W91B4N-07-Q-0317, (lets give it an RFQ number) using Simplified Acquisition Procedures for Purchase Request W91DW2-7144-A001. The solicitation document and incorporated provisions and clauses are those in effect through Federal Acquisition Circular (FAC) 2005-17 and Defense Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement (DFARS) change notice 20070531. It is the vendors responsibility to be familiar with applicable clauses and provisions. All items are to be shipped to Bagram AF, Afghanistan, Attn: SrA Ryan BattaSrA Benjamin Brownd1Lt. Yalunda Akinloba, APO AE, 09354.Funds are not presently available for this acquisition. No contract award will be made until appropriated funds are made available.
0001. UM Item Description Quantity
0001 EA CISCO CATALYST 3750G-12S-E 4
12-PORT SFB GBIC (EMPTY) SWITCH

(编辑:译风)
(时间:2009-5-8 11:24:10)
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